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Blogging in Iran
Following a crackdown on Iranian media beginning in 2000 many Iranians turned to weblogging to provide and find political news.〔 The first Persian language blog is thought to have been created by Hossein Derakhshan, (in Canada), in 2001. Derakhshan also provided readers with a simple instruction manual in Persian on how to start a blog.〔(We Are Iran ) By Nasrin Alavi, (Soft Skull Press, 2005) p.1, 341〕 In 2004, a census of blogs around the world by the NITLE found 64,000 Persian language blogs.〔(We Are Iran ) By Nasrin Alavi, (Soft Skull Press, 2005) p.1〕 In that year the Islamic government also began to arrest and charge bloggers as political dissidents and by 2005 dozens of bloggers had been arrested.〔(The price paid for blogging Iran )| By Clark Boyd| 21 February 2005| bbc.co.uk〕
==History==
Early 2001 was the beginning of emergence of a blogging culture, which rapidly developed. the Iranian government, which had strict controls in place for the print media and had shut down as many as 100 print newspapers.〔Alavi, Nasrin. "We are Iran" Soft Skull Press, 2005〕 Iran has been listed consistently as among the bottom countries in violation of freedom of the press by Reporters without Borders.〔"Cntrl+Alt+Delete: Irans Response to the Internet." Iran Human Rights Documentation Center. Web. 05 Apr. 2012 http://www.iranhrdc.org/english/publications/reports/3157-ctrl-alt-delete-iran-039-s-response-to-the-internet.html?p=36#.T6QYEJ9YveU.〕 Yet the internet provided a new means for widespread readership which was, up until 2004, was mostly unregulated, providing an outlet for mostly youth to express themselves freely. In 2009, due to the contentious nature of the presidential elections, and the rise of the green party movement, internet crackdowns have become far more strict.
Nonetheless, , according to the CIA world factbook, 8.214 million internet users in Iran, ranked 35th in the world.〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ir.html〕 Blogs range from updates on art and critiquing movies, to following injustices of political prisoners. Diasporic Persian and Iranian blogs have also become a trend as a means to be part of an international online community. Blogs may be used as a virtual means of social protest without assembly, such as when thousands of bloggers renamed their blogs Akbar Ganji for a week in 2005, in support of the arrested critic of the regime. Hossien Derakhshan, the unofficial "godfather" of the blogosphere, set his up in Canada in September 2001. He was later arrested. In 2011, Iranian authorities executed more than 600 people and imprisoned more journalists and bloggers than any other country.〔Human rights watch http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/01/22/iran-authorities-defiant-rights-record〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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